A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) plus inertial measurement units (IMU) provide a stable navigation solution. IMU measurements in general are very clean measurements, but prone to corruption and drift over time, temperature, vibration, etc. GNSS measurements in general are very noisy measurements, but very stable over time. Modern navigation systems combine an IMU with GNSS and use each system to calibrate the errors out of each other. The result is a very clean and stable position and attitude measurement.

